Ms 21 aircraft are the latest. Ship orders

Per last years representatives of the United Aircraft Corporation made many loud statements about the huge prospects for the project of the super-modern Russian aircraft MS-21. Let's see what makes it unique, how it will affect the development of Russian civil aviation, and whether the MS-21 will be a success in Russia and abroad.

Deep corkscrew. The state of modern Russian aviation

The civil aviation industry in Russia is still in its infancy, and the fleet of Russian airlines consists mainly of American and French aircraft. We will voice the reasons why this state of affairs has developed today.

Moral and technical obsolescence of Russian aircraft

The average service life of Russian aircraft is 15 years. Major airlines like Aeroflot and Red Wings have enough money to update their fleet with modern aircraft models and the average age of their fleet is 5.7 and 9.7 years.

But the situation of small airlines is deplorable: they cannot afford the purchase of new Western aircraft, and the only Russian modern aircraft, the Sukhoi Superjet 100, is also beyond their means. Therefore, on Russian airlines, you can still meet the long-obsolete Soviet IL-86 and Tu-154 or Western Boeing and Falcon, manufactured 30-40 years ago.

The high cost of maintaining civil aircraft

This problem has its roots in the USSR. The models created at that time were distinguished by a high degree of safety, but at the same time, much more money was spent on their after-sales service and technical support compared to Western competitors.

That is why the models developed in Soviet times, the production of which continues at the present time, are not popular with Russian carriers, not to mention foreign airlines.

A striking example is the TU-204, the production of which began back in 1989. A total of 76 such machines were created, but in the past few years the number of aircraft produced has not exceeded 1-2 units per year, and in the fleets of large Russian airlines, the TU-204 and its modifications are practically not found.

Lack of production capacity

In 2014, 42 civil aircraft were produced in the Russian Federation. While the largest, but by no means the only, American aircraft manufacturer Boeing produces the same number of aircraft per month. Thus, it is technically impossible to replace rapidly aging Russian aircraft with new domestic models. This is one of the reasons why the air fleet of the largest Russian airlines consists mostly of American, French and Canadian airliners.

In addition, the small volume of aircraft production does not allow new models of Russian aircraft to reach at least self-sufficiency, not to mention profit.

Considering all these problems, it can be said that at present the Russian aviation industry, more than ever, needs the mass production of modern aircraft models built on completely new technological platforms that will have a low cost of maintenance. In the field of medium-short-haul civil aircraft, the MS-21 can become such a project.

The history of the predecessor MS-21 - Sukhoi Superjet 100

Until now, the Sukhoi Superjet 100, a short-haul aircraft built on a completely new platform, has been considered the main project of the Russian aircraft industry. When it was created, an approach atypical for the Soviet and Russian aircraft industry was used: the details for all modifications of the model were unified as much as possible, which made it possible to significantly reduce production costs.

Since the aircraft was aimed at the Western market, its creators attracted specialists from Boeing as project consultants. 80% of aircraft components were created by foreign manufacturers. In addition, the Superjet became the first Russian aircraft to receive the European EASA certificate, which is highly valued throughout the world, which significantly increased its export capabilities.

Today Superjet 100 is operated in many countries of the world: Mexico, Laos, Indonesia, Armenia. Large Russian airlines are also actively buying this car. Aeroflot on this moment has 16 Sukhoi Superjet models. And in early 2015, the company adopted a memorandum to increase the number of these aircraft in its fleet to 50.

The ill-wishers of the Superjet project claim that the demand for this aircraft is not at all rushed, and the number of orders for the aircraft is deliberately overestimated by the manufacturer. As proof of their position, they cite data on bankrupt customers of the Sukhoi Superjet 100:

• The Armenian airline "Armavia": ordered 1 plane, refused it and went bankrupt.
• Indonesian company SSJ: ordered 3 aircraft, but in 2014 announced the suspension of financial activities.
• Lao company LAO: ordered 3 aircraft, paid for 1 and ceased operations.

The list of bankrupt customers of Sukhoi Superjet can be continued for a long time: Malev, KrasAir, Kartika, Orient Tai.

As for large orders from Aeroflot, it is quite possible that they are due to a significant discount that the United Aircraft Corporation (UAC) made for him. The price of one aircraft was $18.4 million, despite the fact that its catalog price is $35.4 million. According to the published financial report of UAC, the sale of aircraft at a significant discount will be carried out until 2016, and the corporation will begin to supply aircraft at a catalog price only after 2018 .

Given the series of bankruptcies of foreign customers for the Sukhoi Superjet, and significant discounts for Russian buyers of the aircraft, there is no reason to hope for a profit from the implementation of this project in the near future. According to Andrei Kalinovsky, president of Sukhoi Civil Aircraft CJSC, in order for the SuperJet 100 to break even, it is necessary to assemble about 60 aircraft a year. So far, this figure is unattainable: only 84 aircraft were built in 6 years, 35 of them last year.

As of 2014, the total debt of the UAC corporation, which is the main shareholder of the Superjet developer, the Sukhoi Civil Aircraft Company, amounted to 260 billion rubles. And this despite the huge amount of state support of 70.5 billion rubles allocated by the UAC in 2009. Perhaps the combination of all these problems caused the resignation in early 2015 of UAC President Mikhail Poghosyan.

MS-21 aircraft: when to take off

The MS-21, according to the creators, should replace the long-obsolete TU-154 and other aircraft designed back in the Soviet era. This machine will not compete with the SuperJet 100, but rather will complement this model, as it has a long flight range - 5000-5500 km, depending on the modification (SuperJet 100 has 3048 and 4578 km), and passenger capacity - 153, 181 and 212 seats depending on modification (SuperJet 100 has 98-108 seats). These two models are expected to account for 80% of Russia's civil aviation fleet in the future.

In addition, the developers assure that their offspring will be able to compete with the most popular narrow-body medium-range aircraft in the world and will be successfully exported abroad.

Technical features of the new MS-21

Engine

Initially, the model will be equipped with a new type of PW1400G engine from Pratt & Whitney, which has a gear type turbofan. In the future, it is planned to install Perm PD-14 engines in MS-21.

Thanks to the use of new types of engines, the reliability of the aircraft will increase and the intervals between maintenance will be reduced, which will reduce the cost of servicing the machine. The noise level will also decrease and emissions of harmful gases will be reduced, which will lead to a reduction in environmental payments.

composite wing

The use of a composite wing, which has no analogues in the world, will increase the aerodynamic characteristics of the machine by 7-8% and reduce fuel consumption. The tail unit of the aircraft will also be made of composite materials, which, in addition to improving aerodynamic characteristics, will also increase the level of comfort in the cabin. The pressure in the aircraft during the flight will be at the level of 1800 m, for modern machines the standard is 2500 m above sea level.

Other equipment

Thanks to the use of an open architecture, the aircraft, at the request of customers, can be equipped with equipment from any manufacturer (provided that it has the appropriate certificates).

Another advantage of the MS-21 is the large share of Russian components compared to the SuperJet 100: 60% versus 80%.

According to the manufacturers, MS-21 is being implemented according to the schedule:

• In 2010, tests of the air intakes of the aircraft engine were completed.
• In 2013, a flight simulator for MS-21 was created.
• In 2014, a large-scale model of the machine was tested.
• By May 2015, preparations for the production of the airliner will be completed.
• In 2016, the aircraft should take to the air for the first time.
• Certification is planned for 2017 - early 2018.
• And in 2020, mass production of the machine will begin.

MS-21: comparison with competitors

Despite all the advantages of the Russian project, its success on the world market is a big question mark. After all, medium-haul narrow-body aircraft are the most popular segment of the market and, according to experts, the demand for such aircraft will be the highest in the next 15 years.

Among the aircraft already in operation, the main competitors of the MS-21 will be the Boeing 737NG and Airbus-320. According to its characteristics, it is a cut above these models. And by the time the Russian aircraft enters the market, it will compete with the French Airbus A319neo and A320neo, the American Boeing 737 MAX-7 and Boeing 737 Max-8, as well as the Canadian Bombardier CS300.

Main specifications these cars are very similar. The Russian model is inferior to one of the Western competitors only in terms of maximum flight range. For Airbus it is 3700–4130 miles, and for MS-21 it is 3620–3800 miles.

But on the other hand, the MS-21 has one very important advantage - due to the wider fuselage, it has a much larger capacity (212 passengers in the MS-21-300 version). For comparison, the Airbus A320neo has 180 passengers, the Boeing 737 MAX-8 has 189 passengers, and the Bombardier CS300 has just 135 passengers.

Characteristics of promising narrow-body aircraft
	"Irkut"		Airbus		Boeing		bombardier
	MS-21-200	MS-21-300	A319NEO	A320NEO	737 MAX-7	737 MAX-8	CS300
Maximum capacity, pass.	168	212	156	180	149	189	145
Cargo capacity, m 3	34,7	50	21,5	37,5	27,3	44	Containers, bulk		Containers, bulk		Volumetric		Volumetric
Maximum takeoff weight, kg	58190	65210	62140	65020	59530	67630	52100
Flight range, nautical miles	3800	3620	4130	3700	3800	3620	2950
engine's type	PW1400G, PD-14		CFM LEAP-X, PW1100G		CFM LEAP-X		PW1500G
Cruise speed, M	0,78–0,82		0,78–0,82		0,79		0,78–0,82
Practical ceiling, feet	40000		38000		38000		40000
Fuel economy compared to the existing generation, %	24		15		13		20
Cross section, mm	4064		3912		3759		3277
Start of commercial operation	2017		2016		2017		2014
Increase in direct operating costs per seat compared to MS-21, %	0		10		11		12
List price, mln USD	69	78	94,4	102,8	87,7	106,9	80

Also, the Russian aircraft will have a larger volume of luggage racks, a larger seat width and the largest aisle width, which will allow faster loading and unloading of passengers, and will also reduce the period of car maintenance at the airport. The new models of Boeing and Airbus, which were not developed from scratch and therefore inherited the fuselages of their predecessors, do not have such advantages.

According to the developers of the MS-21, the increased capacity due to the wide fuselage and the new fuel-efficient engine will allow airlines to significantly reduce the cost of operating the Russian aircraft, which will increase the net annual income per vessel by $30 million.

The cost of one MS-21 aircraft, compared to competitors, is also low: the catalog price is $70 million. While the Airbus 320neo will cost customers $102.8 million, the price of the Boeing 737 MAX-8 is $93.3 million, CS300 costs - $80 million.

Will MS-21 find its buyer in Russia and abroad

There are great hopes for this aircraft. As Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian Federation Dmitry Rogozin stated at the end of January 2015, a portfolio of 175 orders for this machine has already been formed, and over the next 20 years it is planned to sell about 1000 MS-21 units. The official noted that not only domestic airlines, but also large Western corporations, in particular, the German Lufthansa, became interested in the Russian development.

True, Lufthansa representatives have already refuted this statement, saying that they did not order the MS-21, and if you look at the portfolio of Russian aircraft customers in more detail, it turns out that the words about interest from Western customers are a big exaggeration.

Of the 175 orders, a firm contract for 50 aircraft was made by the Ilyushin Finance and Co. aviation leasing company, the main owner of which is the owner of the MS-21 developer, United Aircraft Corporation, that is, in fact, the manufacturer itself. Also, firm contracts were signed by the state corporations VEB-Leasing (35 vehicles) and Russian Technologies State Corporation (35 vehicles). Russian companies are also on the list of customers Nordwind Airlines(3 cars), IrAero (10 cars), Transaero (6 cars) and UTair (10 cars). All these customers signed not firm supply contracts, but preliminary agreements or agreements of intent. Moreover, the last two airlines are experiencing serious financial difficulties and there are more and more reports in the press that they may declare bankruptcy in 2015, so the likelihood of them buying MS-21 in 2020 is quite low.

It is also known that the largest Russian carrier, Aeroflot, signed a preliminary contract for the supply of 50 MS-21s. In addition, the company also signed an option for the right to purchase 35 cars.

Given that the company currently has a fleet of 150 aircraft, and their average age is only 5.7 years, it remains unclear why signing a contract (albeit preliminary) for the supply of so many new aircraft after 2020. But it is quite possible that Aeroflot will conclude new contracts for the supply of MS-21 in the future. This recommendation was given to the airline at the end of December 2014 by the expert council under the government of the Russian Federation under the leadership of Mikhail Abyzov. Aeroflot is recommended to purchase additional 120-150 Sukhoi Superjet 100 and MS-21 aircraft. And another 90-110 cars, according to the expert council, can be purchased by subsidiaries of the largest Russian carrier.

The only optimistic foreign customer of the MS-21 is the Malaysian company Crecom Burj Berhad, which ordered 35 Russian vehicles. According to CEO Mohamad Abdulah, Crecom Burj Berhad will establish a joint venture with the Irkut Corporation, which is the developer of the MS-21, to design interiors and paint the fuselages of aircraft, and even the possibility of partial production of the MS-21 in Malaysia is being considered.

At the same time, according to experts, Crecom Burj Berhad has not yet shown itself in the aviation market. And considering that not a firm contract was signed with Irkut, but only an option for the supply of aircraft, giving the right, but not obliging to buy Russian aircraft, the prospects for this agreement are still vague.

Private Russian and foreign companies that are in no hurry to sign firm contracts for the supply of MS-21 are easy to understand. After all, spending billions on aircraft, which so far exist only on paper and have not even passed preliminary tests, can only be afforded by Russian state corporations.

The lack of a developed after-sales service system is another serious obstacle on the path of the MS-21 to the world market. For example, buyers of any Boeing aircraft receive a 3-4 year warranty from the manufacturer for the repair of the main components of the aircraft. The company guarantees that new parts will be delivered to the buyer of the aircraft within 12 hours anywhere in the world. If the aircraft is repaired by the buyer on their own, Boeing will compensate for the cost of the repair.

Irkut is still very far from such a level of service. However, the MS-21 manufacturer is trying to solve this problem: it is planned that service centers for the MS-21 will open in all cities of Russia and the CIS, from where this aircraft will fly. There are no plans to open service centers in other countries of the world yet.

At the moment, it is only known that the United Aircraft Corporation signed an agreement of intent with the Canadian company Bombardier on cooperation in the after-sales service of the MS-21. This agreement has a certain meaning, because in terms of the engine and a number of other details, the Russian aircraft is unified with the Bombardier CS300 model. But whether this agreement will come true or not remains to be seen. In addition, even if after-sales service for the MS-21 outside of Russia and the CIS will be handled by Bombardier, the level of Boeing and Airbus service for the Canadian company is unattainable. For potential customers of the new aircraft, this will be a significant disadvantage.

Another problem is the establishment of the production of MS-21. The sad experience of the Sukhoi Superjet 100, which has not reached the planned level since the start of production, shows that the ambitious plans of Russian aircraft developers cannot always be implemented in practice.

So far, the Irkut company plans to reach the production level of 40 MS-21 per year by 2020. At the same time, according to the UAC president, the payback point for a Russian aircraft lies in the region of 300-400 aircraft. That is, even if the plan for the production and sales of MS-21 can be fulfilled 100%, it will be possible to recoup all the funds invested in this project only after 2030.

However, the MS-21 project, with all its obvious shortcomings and vague prospects for entering the world market, is still a breakthrough for the domestic aircraft industry. While the state is only spending billions of dollars on the development of this aircraft without making a profit, the aviation infrastructure being created, the establishment of a large-scale production base, the construction of a wide after-sales service network and the unique technologies used in the MS-21 make Russia one step closer to conquering global civil aviation market.

Alexander Yakunin, pronedra.ru

Yak-242 (MS-21) is a design vehicle of the Russian medium-haul aircraft for transporting passengers over short distances. Operational use is planned for the beginning of 2016, and the device should go into serial production in 2017. The main competitor of this airliner is the Chinese-made C919 aircraft.

A brief history of the creation of the Yak-242 (MS-21) aircraft

The design and manufacture of this aircraft is being carried out by the Yakovlev Design Bureau together with the Irkut company. At the initial stages of design, the Ilyushin Design Bureau was also involved, but at the beginning of 2008 it left the project. In the fall of 2010, TsAGI tested the engines and air intakes that are planned to be installed on this passenger liner. These tests made it possible to work out the safety modes of the power plant. As a result, TsAGI developed a whole set of recommendations for designers of the Yak-242 (MS-21) aircraft.

In September 2011, the management of the Irkut company announced that they would create vehicles for customers that are equipped with 180 passenger seats, although earlier manufacturers planned to produce a cabin with 150 seats. This is due to the fact that most customers prefer a car with a large number of passenger seats.

Yakovlev Yak-242 (MS-21) video

In the summer of 2012, aircraft manufacturers signed a contract with Pratt & Whitney, which will supply the PW1400G type engine. They will be installed on the new aircraft, the first test flight is scheduled for 2015. In addition, the MS-21 type machine also exists with Russian-made engines, which are designated as PD-14. Aircraft with this type of engines are planned to be delivered to customers from Russia.

The assembly of the first full-fledged MS-21 aircraft was started in the winter of 2014 at an aircraft factory in the city of Irkutsk. In the summer of the same year, a large-scale model was tested at TsAGI. According to official data, the first flight of the new passenger airliner is scheduled for April 2016.

Features of the design of the aircraft Yak-242 (MS-21)

The designers of this device have developed three versions of this machine. They differ only in the number of seats in the passenger cabin. The first option can accommodate 150 people, the second - 181 people, and the third modification can accommodate 212 passengers. A version of the machine was developed with a longer flight range, which was increased by 1.5 thousand kilometers.

The machine was made as a low-wing monoplane. They have an arrow-shaped form, two pylons for jet engines are attached to them. The chassis system is represented by three legs. The front support is of a controlled type, in addition, all wheels of the chassis are equipped with brake systems. As for the aerodynamics of the body, it is similar to similar machines of this class, but has some advantages in the sense that it puts this device an order of magnitude higher than others.

MS-21 has a large width of 11 meters, which significantly increases comfort in the passenger compartment. When designing the aircraft, the latest systems and structures were added to achieve high aerodynamic qualities. In the manufacture of this liner, many new alloys and composite materials are involved, which makes it possible to reduce the weight of the apparatus, while the design does not lose its qualities. It should be noted that when using these materials, the machine becomes much less expensive to operate.

To create a wing for this aircraft, the Aerocomposite company was created, which employs the best designers in the industry. The wings of the car will be made of composite materials. When ordering an MC-21 aircraft, you can independently choose the type of passenger compartment and engine. As mentioned earlier, the engine can be installed foreign or domestic. The first production aircraft of the Yak-242 (MS-21) type are expected in 2017.

In the manufacture of this machine, many advantages were obtained over devices of this class. Firstly, the domestic car has ecological engines, excellent aerodynamic characteristics. The advantage over other machines is the relatively low weight of the entire structure of the aircraft. Secondly, this machine can accommodate a large number of passengers, and not all aircraft have such indicators. Also, this liner has a long flight range with relatively low fuel consumption. The wide body allows you to accommodate a large number of people more comfortably. All these advantages of the Yak-242 (MS-21) aircraft allow saving up to 50% of costs in comparison with similar aircraft from other manufacturers. When calculating, you can see that this device will bring a lot of profit per year.

Sukhoi Superjet 100 and MS-21 - Russian civil aviation

The manufacturers plan to carry out serial production of these machines in the amount of 72 copies per year. Corporation "Irkut" plans to manufacture this model passenger aircraft over the course of five years. As of today, the supply horizon until 2023 is visible. According to the calculations of the manufacturers, this project will begin to pay for itself only from the 350th machine. Parts and assemblies are manufactured simultaneously at several plants, but final assembly is carried out at the Irkutsk plant.

Yak-242 (MS-21) characteristics:

Crew: 2 people

Length: 38.25 m

Height: 12.55 m

Wingspan: 36.25 m

Wing area: 120 m²

Takeoff weight: 64 600 kg

Aircraft curb weight: 38,400 kg

Engines: 2 x PS-90A12 12000 kgf

Passenger capacity: 156-162 people

Flight characteristics:

Cruise speed: 800-850 km/h

Flight range: 5000 km

As well as NEO and MAX - replicas of the last century, where only new engines are identical to the MS-21 engines.

For example, it was also possible to remotorize the Tu-214 airframe with these engines. As well as to implement a high-speed wing with a span of up to 36 meters.

Which is the hallmark of the MS-21, though it is not clear why a completely black wing. It was enough to apply new alloys from RUSAL. And without these alloys, everything would look no worse.

I wouldn't be surprised if the reverse process starts soon. Some elements of the black wing will begin to be made of metal.

According to him, the test flight of the MS-21 does not yet indicate the complete success of the project.

This opinion of the radio station "Moscow speaking" was expressed by the honored pilot of Russia, a member of the commission under the President of Russia on the development of general aviation Yuri Sytnik.

“It took off, didn’t stay on the runway, didn’t fall apart in the air, the aircraft’s systems worked – but this is a local success. Next, you need to look: will it correspond to the parameters that the creators stated, will the calculations be confirmed, its aerodynamic quality, weight, range, its operational parameters, how reliable and maintainable it will be. If you invest such loot, then you can make candy out of anything. But why spend such billions if there is already such a machine - the Tu-204SM. Therefore, I am not optimistic about MS-21.”

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Our old friend, Hero of Russia, honored test pilot Magomed TOLBOEV called the editorial office. The reason is joyful - the first flight of the Russian medium-haul aircraft MS-21. Here is a short conversation between the chief editor and the legendary test pilot.
- Magomed Omarovich, would you like to sit at the helm of this aircraft yourself?
– With pleasure, because at one time, back in the distant 80s, I flew an Airbus-319. Our and the French guys were then preparing for the Hermes space program. We dreamed that someday we would have the same car. Finally the dream came true. I think we should first of all thank Oleg Demchenko, President of PJSC Irkut Corporation, General Director - General Designer of OKB im. A.S. Yakovlev". This is a unique organizer and designer, one of the representatives of the Yakovlev design school. And secondly, of course, to Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Rogozin for his principled support of this aircraft when the MS-21 program was on the verge of failure. But he assured everyone - we will find the money and take to the air! Finally, the patriots won.
- When will domestic engines be installed on the aircraft?
– Thanks to this aircraft, the program for the production of the latest PD-14 aircraft engine was revived. If there were no MS-21, then our Russian engines would not exist either. There would be Rolls-Royces, Pratt-Whitney. And the fact that P&W was installed at the initial stage is normal. And it was necessary to do so in order to reduce the time of flight tests.
- I think that the PD-14 will be on the MS-21 in two years.
- Will. Three thousand hours of bench tests have already passed, flight tests have begun. It remains to tidy up the electronics, the fuel management system. Everything has to be digital. This is the only one. And then, before the MS-21, all control was mechanical. So it was believed that for security reasons in case of war it is better to have a mechanical control than an electronic one. But electronic gives savings, noise reduction and specific fuel consumption. The benefit is big.
But in any case, it is the human mind and its genius. This is not just electronics, he took the button, pressed it - and the numbers ran ...

If we compare this one with aircraft of the same class - with the Boeing-737 and the Airbus-320. Have you flown all of them?
- There is no doubt: our plane is no worse than others. But it won't be too "better". This is clear. Boeing has reached the highest peaks in this area. We have failed for the last 25 years... We, the Russian people, show amazing heroism: first to fail, and then to win. For 25 years, Airbus and Boeing, of course, have gone far from us. But we also reached the finish line and are not obliged to lag behind. We will go on an equal footing.
So there is nothing to compare?
- Compare? This is at the last stage, called operational. The operational flight reveals all the little things that the test pilots could not notice, and the designers could not foresee. The more flights are made on a larger number of aircraft, the faster we will find out all the minor flaws, with the elimination of which the aircraft will be brought to perfection.
- Magomed Omarovich, I also congratulate you, because you have done a lot to keep our civil aviation. Thanks to people like you, we always have hope that Russia will remain a great aviation power!
- Thank you. Now it's the turn for the Tu-334. Let it be called differently, but soon it will definitely return, at least to the Armed Forces.
- Will we see the Tu-334 in the sky?
- Yes, this is another strong-willed decision of President Vladimir Putin and the implementation of the patriotic, civic positions of Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Rogozin. Everyone is ready, just waiting for the go-ahead.

================================

So the Tu-214 needs to be upgraded, including the PW with a thrust of 16 tons, as a larger aircraft, with greater capacity and range.

Therefore, these two aircraft are not competitors, but complement each other.

The most fundamental MS-21 is the wingspan - 36 meters.

Is it possible today for a metal wing for the MS-21 with a span of 36 meters?

Perhaps with the use of alloys from RUSAL, and with the preservation of all characteristics.

In general, the only breakthrough characteristic of the MS-21 is the pressure in the cabin at flight level. That's where you can promote composites.

But the advantages of the composite wing are very doubtful.

Let's compare. The Tu-214 wing is one and a half times larger. However, the empty weight is only 13 tons more.

I'm embarrassed to ask, but how much is 13 tons as a percentage? 30 or 35?

well, that's what
cube square

Wing made of composites solely for the sake of
aerodynamic excellence

But the weight is questionable and worth it
the price tag is not guian

Remotorize Tu-214? This has already been done - Tu-204SM. Did not help. It's not about the engine.

And attempts to revive the Tu-334 is another hole where taxpayers' money will fly into. To put it into production, you need a lot of money, despite the fact that 20 of these aircraft will be released in best case. Will NEVER pay off. And most likely they will also want to modernize it, because it is already outdated for sure in terms of filling.

Your knowledge is amazing. It would be better if you were silent and did not create topics with a stupid name.

- TOTAL? Do you think that 13 tons is a trifle? Recalculate this weight in passengers! That's 130 people with luggage!

Oreshenko Pavel
by the number of questions you can immediately see the level

Below the plinth

Again it will be necessary for the Wikipedia guru
FAQ show

What are these magical "mermaid" alloys? Is Rusal developing materials for aviation?

Real metal.

If NEO and MAX, and along with them the MS-21, are outdated junk, then you must have reconsidered " star wars"- there are no newer aircraft in this segment. What then is modern and progressive? Tu-204?

NEO and MAX sold many years ago for many years to come.

MS-21 is not junk, but an aircraft identical in terms of engines. And the weight is identical to the A321.

Remotorize Tu-214? This has already been done - Tu-204SM. Did not help. Isn't it the engine?

It's just the engine. The Tu-214 has never been remotorized. Tu-204SM too. Do not read Wikipedia at night.

There were ideas to remotorize the Tu-204 on the V2500. However, only ideas.
There was a less economical version with English engines, but it belonged to a private investor, so he flies on them.

And attempts to revive the Tu-334 is another hole where taxpayers' money will fly into. To put it into production, a lot of money is needed, despite the fact that 20 of these aircraft will be produced at best. Will NEVER pay off. And most likely they will also want to modernize it, because it is probably already outdated in terms of filling?

Are you Poghosyan?
And very similar. Discussed MS-21, and suddenly Tu.

Tu-334 in any way to the topic.

"In general, the only breakthrough characteristic of the MS-21 is the pressure in the cabin at the echelon. That's where composites can be promoted."
Your knowledge is amazing. It would be better if you were silent and did not create topics with a stupid name?

You, as an admirer of Wikipedia, simply have nothing to say.

"empty weight is only 13 tons more"
- TOTAL? Do you think that 13 tons is a trifle? Recalculate this weight in passengers! Is it 130 people with luggage?

Hard case. People with suitcases will fly on the wing.

Do you have any aviation education at all?

This is a question for you.

Without a doubt, the MS-21 is provided with orders for 10 years ahead.


Therefore, it is time to think about real innovations.


According to the ideology of MS-21, this is B787. A little more comfort and buzzwords.

However, the B787 composite wing has a lift of only
two percent better than B767. Yes, and as I wrote in the topic
in principle, it is no better than the IL-96-300 wing.

Bolsunovsky Anatoly

This is supposedly an innovative wing.
effect has not been proven
neither in weight nor in aerodynamics

When comparing Tu-214 with B757, approximate parity is visible
when comparing A321 and MS-21, the same parity
however, what is the gain and novelty

Innovation for the sake of innovation

There is no doubt that for 10 years MS-21 is provided with orders

However, this is exactly the same obsolete aircraft.
like Tu-214

However, Tu-214

This is serial and with domestic equipment
also with the possibility of modernization and remotorization

But it is impossible to compare MS-21 and Tu-214

First of all, the wingspan

European manufacturer Airbus is working to expand the takeoff and landing capabilities of the re-engined A320neo narrow-body aircraft on short runways, the aircraft maker says. At the moment, the aircraft manufacturer is conducting appropriate tests.

The performance improvement was achieved by replacing the standard panels on the wing root fairings with Kevlar ones. By optimizing the air flow, the updated elements, called SHARP (SHort Airfield Package, set for short airfields), will increase the lift of the wing. This, in turn, will lead to a decrease in the minimum speed during takeoff and landing of the aircraft and, as a result, to a reduction in takeoff and landing distances.

Installing upgraded deck panels will be offered as an option. In addition, the updated element can be installed on already operated machines.

One of the reasons for the development of SHARP was Airbus' desire to provide A320 access to Rio de Janeiro's Santos Dumont airport. It is located between a mountain and a long bridge, and its runway is about 1300 m long. According to the Flightradar24 service, now only the "younger" members of the family fly there: A318 and A319.

Improved aerodynamics of the A320neo will significantly expand the scope of its application compared to its predecessor. Thus, the European aircraft manufacturer will have greater access to markets that are characterized not only by short runways, but also by high-altitude airports, as well as hot climates.

It can be assumed that due to improved aerodynamics, the A320neo will be able to compete more successfully with the promising Russian narrow-body aircraft MS-21, one of the potential markets for which are Asian countries, including India and China.

Another consequence of the improved aerodynamics of the A320neo may be that the aircraft will force some of the smaller machines from competing manufacturers out of the market. With similar takeoff and landing characteristics, the A320neo will provide operators with a higher carrying capacity, which will improve savings on routes with dense passenger traffic.

Compared to the Tu-204 MS-21 wins almost 30% in fuel consumption per passenger-kilometer. A little more than 10% due to new engines, about 10% - because it weighs less, about 5% - due to aerodynamics, the rest - the "snowball" effect. What do you think is progress? That's a huge amount of progress in 30 years! Technology has gone on the shelf, to advance to the next 30%, a whole revolution in materials, engines, laminarization, etc. will have to be carried out. It costs a lot of money, which is why both Boeing and Airbus have postponed the introduction of an entirely new generation of narrow-body aircraft. So purely technically, the MS-21 has a chance to break through ...

And stop dreaming about Tu-204NG, Tu-334NG, etc. If we simply remotorize the Tu-204, then the gain in fuel will be only a little more than 10%, i.e. the loss to the leaders of 20% will remain. And who are you going to screw up?

Bolsunovsky Anatoly
compared to the A321 of 1994

And who are you going to be pushing?

Know the price of second hand
and there is also a neo and max 2017 release with identical engines
Tu-214 is much larger aircraft
and in terms of capacity and fuel supply





and Tu-214 terribly disliked Poghosyan

Tu-204 outperforms SSJ by almost 30% in fuel consumption per passenger-kilometer

But this is exactly what Poghosyan wanted.
do not compare SSJ with competitors
and lead the discussion

After all, the meaning of the topic
is that yesterday's innovations are not effective

So it's time to do something

Sometimes you remind me of a word bot that generates a pseudo-random set of words. Do you even read what you wrote yourself?

"MS-21 is a hopelessly obsolete aircraft." "For example, it was also possible to remotorize the Tu-214 airframe with these engines." "It's just the engine."

This is all taken from your, sorry, illiterate posts. When they prove to you that this is illiteracy, you immediately jump off the topic and start wagging: “You know the prices for second-hand clothes,” etc.
I think it is useless to continue the discussion. Don't feed the troll :(

Bolsunovsky Anatoly
aiyayay, but all he suggested was to compare the MS-21 with the A321 of 1994
i.e. 23 years ago
weight is the same engine thrust is the same

What's the point of a composite wing
and where innovations can have an effect

New neo engines deliver 16 percent fuel savings
according to the manufacturer

Tu-214 is 15 percent more spacious
that is, with identical engines with the A321
fuel consumption will be the same.

However, it is impossible to compare Tu-214 and MS-21
in terms of wingspan, these are different market segments
Tu-214 should be compared with B757
here, obviously, remotorization is needed for neo engines
with 16 tons of thrust
then there will be an obvious profit over B757

MS-21 should be compared with A321 1994

A321 1994
48 tons
220 pax
14 tons engine thrust
Wingspan A321 - 34.1 meters

MS-21 2017
48 tons
211 pax
14 tons engine thrust
Wingspan - 35.9 m

https://newizv.ru/news/incident/...
http://www.ato.ru/content/...
Long-haul aircraft have placed 17% more orders than the market needs, according to a recent study by major Swiss bank UBS. Like most international experts, when analyzing the market, UBS takes into account only aircraft manufactured by Airbus and Boeing, since these companies act as virtual monopolists in the civil aircraft market with a passenger capacity of more than 100 people.

Of the two aviation giants, the European Airbus is in a more vulnerable position, according to UBS. "While Airbus' portfolio of received and pending orders is significantly larger, we estimate that its largest customers are 26% overbooked, while Boeing's large customers are 2% overbooked," said UBS analyst David Strauss in a note. published report.

In order for all the ordered aircraft to be put into service, the global fleet of mainline aircraft must grow by 6% annually over the next seven years, calculated by UBS. This, in turn, implies an annual increase in passenger traffic by 7%.

According to Swiss financiers, unreasonably large orders were placed by Lion Air (Indonesia), AirAsia (Malaysia), IndiGo (India), VietJet (Vietnam) and Avianca (Colombia). For comparison, the list of carriers that are potentially short of planes consists of American and Chinese companies - Delta Air Lines, Southwest Airlines, United Airlines and China Eastern Airlines, China Southern Airlines.

If we consider the categories of aircraft, then the excess of orders for narrow-body aircraft is 21%, the leader is the Airbus A320 family. As for the regions, the most overheated is the Chinese market, but North America on the contrary, about 900 aircraft are missing.
An excess number of orders for narrow-body aircraft is not the most pleasant news for the project of the promising Russian long-haul aircraft MS-21, which recently made its first flight. According to expectations, by 2037 it is planned to deliver about a thousand MS-21s.

The new passenger liner MS-21-300 made its first flight

On May 28, 2017, the first flight of the new MS-21-300 passenger aircraft took place at the airfield of the Irkutsk Aviation Plant, a branch of Irkut Corporation PJSC (as part of UAC).

The flight duration was 30 minutes, it took place at an altitude of 1000 meters at a speed of 300 km / h.

The flight plan included checking the aircraft for stability and controllability, as well as the controllability of the engines. In accordance with the program, during the flight, a simulated landing approach was performed, followed by a pass over the runway, climb and turn. This technique is typical for the first flight of new types of aircraft.

The aircraft was piloted by a crew of test pilot, Hero of Russia Oleg Kononenko and test pilot, Hero of Russia Roman Taskaev.

Oleg Kononenko said: “The flight mission has been completed in full. The flight took place in the normal mode. No remarks preventing the continuation of testing have been identified.

Roman Taskaev noted: “The characteristics and operating modes of the engines were confirmed, all aircraft systems worked without failures.”

Oleg Demchenko, President of PJSC Irkut Corporation, said: “Today is a historic day for our team and the entire large team working on the creation of the MS-21. We have invested in our aircraft the most advanced technical solutions that will provide increased comfort for passengers and attractive economic performance for airlines. And today I am happy to announce that the first flight of the MS-21 was successful! Congratulations to all participants of the program on our common holiday!”

President of PJSC United Aircraft Corporation (UAC) Yuri Slyusar emphasized: “MS-21 was created in broad cooperation, where, along with Irkut, other UAC enterprises also actively participate: AeroComposite, Ulyanovsk and Voronezh aircraft plants, UAC-Integration Center. This is an important stage in the formation of a new UAC industrial model. According to our estimates, in the next 20 years, the global demand for the MC-21 segment will be about 15,000 new liners. I am sure that the airlines will highly appreciate our new aircraft.”

MS-21-300 - new generation passenger aircraft

MS-21-300 is a new generation passenger aircraft with a capacity of 163 to 211 passengers, aimed at the most massive segment of the air transportation market.

The MS-21 aircraft will provide passengers with quality new level comfort thanks to the largest fuselage diameter in the class of narrow-body aircraft. Such a solution will significantly expand the personal space of each passenger, allow them to pass the service trolley and provide airlines with a reduction in the turnaround time at airports. Thanks to the installation of large windows, the natural illumination of the passenger compartment has been increased. The aircraft will maintain comfortable air pressure for passengers and an improved microclimate.

An innovative ergonomic cockpit has been developed for MC-21 pilots.

High demands on the comfort and economic efficiency of the aircraft required the introduction of advanced technical solutions in the field of aerodynamics, engine building and aircraft systems.

The MS-21 aircraft surpasses existing analogues in terms of its flight performance and economy.

The main contribution to improving the aircraft's flight performance will be made by a wing made of polymer composite materials, created for the first time in the world for narrow-body aircraft with a capacity of over 130 passengers. The share of composites in the structure of the MS-21 aircraft - over 30% - is unique for this class of aircraft.

For the first time in the history of the domestic aircraft industry, the airliner is offered to customers with two types of engines - PW1400G from Pratt & Whitney (USA) and PD-14 from the United Engine Corporation (Russia). New generation engines have reduced fuel consumption and low noise and emission levels. The MC-21 aircraft meets the advanced requirements for environmental protection.

The estimated reduction in direct operating costs for the operation of the MS-21 aircraft will be 12-15% compared to analogues.

The starting portfolio of firm orders for 175 MC-21 aircraft ensures the utilization of production capacities for the coming years. Advance payments have been received for firm orders.

The integrators of the main systems of the MS-21 aircraft are Russian enterprises. During the implementation of the MS-21 program in Russia, competence centers were created in the field of development and production of products from composite materials. In order to introduce new technologies, a radical modernization of the production facilities of the Irkutsk Aviation Plant, a branch of PJSC Irkut Corporation, and a number of aircraft manufacturing enterprises and related industries was carried out.

The main Russian participants in the program are: the lead contractor is the Irkut Corporation (part of the UAC), the leading enterprises of the UAC, the Rostec State Corporation.

Flight performance of the aircraft MS-21-300

Capacity in a two-class layout 163 seats (16 business + 147 economy)

Capacity in dense layout 211 seats

Maximum takeoff weight 79,250 kg

Maximum flight range 6,000 km

Main dimensions

Aircraft length 42.2 m

Wingspan 35.9 m

How the car behaved, whether it was comfortable in the MS-21 cockpit and what the airliner borrowed from its "younger brother" - the Yak-130 combat training aircraft.

— What parameters of the new aircraft were evaluated during the first flight?
- Usually the first flight is performed without changing the takeoff and landing configuration, that is, the aircraft does not retract the landing gear and flaps, everything is stabilized. This is a typical restriction for all aircraft taking to the skies for the first time.

- That is why the range of altitudes and speeds in the first flight is significantly reduced. Our speeds were limited due to the extended chassis - they accelerated to 340 km / h. It was also not necessary to climb high, they flew almost up to 2 thousand meters. The height was needed to see how the plane was gaining it, how it was descending.

- We also looked at the handling characteristics of the aircraft - how it reacts to the handle. They rejected it a little, not to the full amplitude, they watched how it obeyed. In this case, I can only be glad for the car - it has very good handling characteristics.

- Then we checked the performance of the hydraulic system, power supply, pumps, generators, the operation of the air conditioning system, electrical systems. The vertical course is the unit that gives us information about the roll of the aircraft, its pitch, course.

- We checked the radio communication, the parameters of the power plant - speed, temperature, characteristics of the oil system. We assessed the information and control field of the cockpit, how easy it is for the pilot to navigate in it during the flight.

- If everything goes well and there are no serious improvements, then in the near future we will continue testing and make a second flight, in which we will be able to remove the landing gear and flaps and be able to reach other altitudes and speeds.

- Will you also check the maximum speed and height?
- Certainly. Here we can safely say that the characteristics, range of speeds and altitudes of the MS-21 are the same as those of its competitors - Airbus and Boeing. They are dictated by the most commercial activity of the aircraft - these are altitudes up to 12 km, speed up to Mach 0.85 (910 km / h), weight 75-77 tons, range up to 5 thousand km. Such parameters are typical for all commercial aircraft of this class.

- How did MS-21 behave - did it listen to you well?
— Amazing! Management is so comfortable that you do not need to get used to it.

— Roman Petrovich, were you worried before the flight?
- Before you get on the plane, of course, there is excitement. You need to think through the entire sequence of your actions. And when I sit down and start work, I immediately forget that I'm scared, that I'm worried. I just do it, that's all.

- Does this aircraft contain the signature features of Yakovlev aircraft, the traditions and style of the Yakovlev Design Bureau?
- Until now, I have not carried out tests on Yakovlev's civilian aircraft. At the time when they were lifted into the air, he flew Mikoyan fighters.
I can only say one thing about continuity: the control system that is installed on the Yak-130 combat training aircraft and makes this aircraft super safe is also used in the MS-21. This "intelligence", these developments that we made during the tests of the Yak-130, are very comfortable, it's very cool to manage such a system. And, of course, it has the highest degree of security.

- It turns out that a large civil aircraft took some of the best from its combat "little brother"?
- Yes it is. It can be said that the MS-21 "absorbed" all the best developments of the Yakovlev Design Bureau in this particular area.

- In the first flight, the MS-21 was not alone, but just accompanied by the Yak-130. Was it for shooting or for some other reason?
- In the first flight, there is a possibility that the determination of the parameters of the height and speed of the new aircraft will not be entirely correct. We do not know how the sensors flow around in real flight conditions, whether they function correctly. This is true for all aircraft. And we start the tests themselves by correcting the correctness of the readings, because we need to bring the characteristics in line with the correct readings of altitude and speed, temperature and everything else.

“Therefore, we raise the escort aircraft to see if it matches its speed and altitude. In addition, the MS-21 for the first time accelerated to such a speed, for the first time it went into the air. Of course, it is desirable for the escort to see how, for example, the wheels of the aircraft, its landing gear, do not fly off any hatches. Ground tests are one thing, and flight is quite another.

— Was the MS-21 accompanied on its first flight by one aircraft, or was it two?
- There were two Yak-130s. One was "stuck" to us in order to do the work that I have already mentioned, and the second was insured just in case. In parallel, he was assigned the task of aerial photography. The first Yak was piloted by Yakovlev Design Bureau test pilot Vasily Sevastyanov, the second by Maxim Konyushin.

- How long will the MS-21 tests last approximately?
- The program is very broad. We are now talking about a program of factory tests, then certification tests will be carried out. This is a fairly large volume, but it can be carried out in parallel with the serial production of aircraft.